Bone marrow transplantation

Bone marrow transplantation is an important surgical intervention and treatment method in the field of medicine. This procedure is often used to treat conditions such as cancers, bone marrow diseases, and genetic disorders. Bone marrow is the main source of the body's hematopoietic (producing blood cells) system, and disorders in this system can lead to serious health problems. Bone marrow transplantation involves transplanting healthy bone marrow or stem cells from a donor suitable for the patient into the recipient's body. This method involves an effort to improve the patient's immune system and blood production capacity. Bone marrow transplantation occurs in two basic types: autologous and allogeneic. In autologous transplantation, the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells are used. This method requires the patient to collect and store their own healthy cells in advance. Allogeneic transplantation involves transplanting healthy bone marrow or stem cells from a donor into the patient. The donor can usually be a family member or a suitable donor can be found from a registered bone marrow donor database. This procedure offers a therapeutic approach when patients lose their bone marrow or stem cells or if these cells cannot perform their normal functions, by replacing them with healthy cells. However, bone marrow transplantation involves serious risks and must be carefully planned, evaluated and implemented.